Female Characters In The Odyssey - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 671 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Odyssey Essay Did you like this example? The Odyssey, written by Homer at the end of the 8th century is one of the most influential pieces of literature in our society. Through this epic, Homer was able to compose a piece of literature that remains prominent in classrooms today. The Odyssey proves to to be influential, in that scholars today are still learning from Homers creation centuries later. Homers, The Odyssey was one of the only epics of its time to have such prominent female characters. Through the characters and plot, Homer challenges ancient greek social standings by making women a prominent key to the plot and life of protagonists, Odysseus and Telemachus. In ancient greek, a womans place was often lacking in comparison to men, but, through the Odyssey, it is demonstrated just how important women are. The women in The Odyssey proved that a woman has the power to make or break a mans purpose. Homer created personalities and roles for females in the epic that contradicted true ancient greek beliefs. Throughout the epic, it is demonstrated just how powerful female presence is. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Female Characters In The Odyssey" essay for you Create order One must understand the real life roles of women in Greece during the time to then understand the different lives the women in the Odyssey led. Women in Greece at this time led a life of subservience to the man. Their main role and duties were to bear children and be caretakers of the home. Society was ruled and governed by men with little regard to the opinions of women. Women rarely held any position higher than that of the wife of so and so. They were married at the young age of 13 to 14 and the whole role of a womens education was to prepare her for a family (Cartwright, 2016). If, as a woman, you were not married, it was believed that you had no other calling in life. In the eyes of the law, women were under the complete authority of their husbands (Cartwright, 2016). It is apparent that womens lives in ancient greece were far from glamorous. Most of a womans life was to satisfy and obey her husband. In the Odyssey, some traditional roles of women are depicted and evident throug hout the story; However, Homer took this opportunity and made the females in his story lead a very different purpose. Homer put women in non-traditional roles that were unheard of in everyday life. The women in the Odyssey were given heightened personalities that allowed their characters to develop with as the story continues. Throughout the journey, it was women that helped guide the way or women who were able to deter God-like men such as Odysseus. Without these women Odysseus epic journey may have had a different outcome. Some women tempted him and some women would make sure he was on the right track to make it safely back home. A whole new identity and purpose was created for the woman. There are three different types of women throughout The Odyssey; humans such a Penelope, goddesses like Athena and even mythical creatures such as Calypso. Odysseus encounters each one of these women and is affected by them all. Penelope, Odysseus husband is a very loyal and faithful wife to him. She fights off suitors for years and raises their son Telemachus alone in hopes of his return. Even with all of the suitors begging for Penelope she patiently awaits her one true love to hopefully return home. After the war ends, Odysseus is unaccounted for and Penelope must wait 10 more years to be reunited with her husband. The reader is drawn to Penelope because of her goodness. Her loyalty during a 20 span period is unwavering. The relationship of Penelope and Odysseus is uncommon in its devotion and romance. Most relationships end in all sorts of tragedies, but not the marriage between Odysseus and Penelope. This is impart of Penelope herself. Without this overwhelming loyalty Penelope has for Odysseus their relationship could have ended in tragedy. Penelope was a beacon of hope and showed Odysseus the power of faithfulness in a relationship.

Economy Changing Paradigms In Global Financial Markets Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2547 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Global financial melt down in the recent decade have forced the governments of the rest of the world to think outside of the Dollar and triggered the need for a new global non-dollar financial system. A number of factors like 9-11 attack, abnormally low interest rates causing sub-prime crisis, flaws in regulatory side- introduction of the market risk amendment in 1996 etc have highlighted how Americans economic problems wreck havoc on other nations globally. US was the significant contributor for this crisis yet US simply printed fiat currency and exports inflation to oil consumers by keeping dollar cheap while draining resources backwardly.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Economy Changing Paradigms In Global Financial Markets Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Barry Eichengreen (2009) says that inspite of this global credit crisis, the dollar has benefitted from it and has strengthened against virtually every currency. Countries with low interest rates benefitted from this volatility for carrying out trades as the borrowings were repaid. It also researches that investors got back to traditional dollar considering it to be safe haven currency. Considering the wide number of market participants using dollar, dollar would continue its dominance. On the other hand Dorothe Enskog (2009) research highlights that there is a visible impact that the declining wealth of creditors nations with major victims being China, Japan, OPEC, and the Asian NIEs. Central banks have incurred losses on their holdings of US securities and have accelerated the diversification of their dollar portfolio. As per Resenweig (2009) in November 2009 India purchased 200 tons of gold to its reserves fearing that the US dollar may weaken. China and Mexico followed India and replaced their US reserves by gold. Likewise global investors may also react in similar manner. And sooner or later there will be a drift away from dollar to any other currency. Given this volatility in financial economy, considerable research is being done in analyzing delineating from dollar and moving to a non dollar economy. The challenge is that there are other countries that are tightly coupled with the dollar that it will be extremely difficult and costly for them to decouple from dollar. This paper reviews the historic and current foreign exchange reserves, gross domestic product, foreign exchange rates, current account balances, portfolio investments and other economic factors to analyze the feasibility of this transition. Literature Review The historical evidences of how the combination of international economic political power and convenience of use have brought about the evolution of reserve currency status for any currency. Prior to 1870 gold and silver were used for international transactions. Post that Britain was the single most important single participant of capital account transactions and became the principal currency. However World War I brought about a fatal blow to sterlings reserve currency status and US dollar emerged as an alternative to Pound Sterling. In 1917 Britain suspended convertibility of sterling into gold. Post World War I, US emerged as a net creditor having large current account surpluses and recycled it though dollar dominated loans to foreign governments. Roubini, Nouriel (2009) study also includes the history of dominance of financial currency that started with the John Maynard Keynes proposing 60 years ago an international currency called Bancor, based on 30 representative commodities. After World War II, international financial system established the Bretton Woods in 1944, a fixed-exchange rate regime after which France decided to bring in the dollar as a global reserve currency. And since then dollar has been the worlds most widely used currency with US being the most dominant economies. In 1960s Western European countries restored convertibility of their currencies for current account transactions and started accumulating US dollars thus raising first question against dollars reserve status. This problem was covered by a study by Triffin who said that when the foreign holdings of dollar exceeds USs gold holdings, the credibility of US commitment to convert gold at fixed price will no longer hold valid. US will then be forced to adopt deflationary policies for dollar value preservance. This is known as Triffins Dilemna. Since then the US dollars reserve status has been questioned a number of times. In 1967 SDR[1]was created to solve the Triffins Dilemna and to support Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates to alleviate the shortage of U.S. dollar and gold reserves in the expansion of international trade. Zhou (2009) has emphasized on the creation of an international currency unit, based on the Keynesian proposal and stated that the scope SDR should be broadened to enable it to fully satisfy the member countries ´ demand for a reserve currency. International and Reserve Currency Dollar fulfills all the necessary roles of a reserve currency Medium of Exchange : Required by central banks to manage unwanted foreign exchange fluctuations of their domestic currencies caused by outflow and inflow of capital by private bodies Unit of account : Required by countries for managing inflation and domestic monetary policy Store of value: Acts as self insurance for any balance of payment crisis and exchange rate instability. Dollar also possesses the essential characteristics and conditions required for any currency to classify as the international currency Economic Size: Substantially large share of world output and trade. Creditor Status : Price stability and overall macroeconomic stability Developed Financial System Offers high liquidity and greater degree of financial market development Network Externalities : Self generating demand of the international currency Craig Elwell (2007) in its report to the US Congress suggested that all these factors would continue to exist for quite a sizeable period along with dollars global availability and full convertibility. Areas of concern Global financial turmoil has caused serious imbalances in the economic stability especially in the last decade. According to the US Congressional Budget Office, the US budget deficit is anticipated to triple from USD455 billion (bn) to USD1.75 trillion (tr) (or 13% of gross domestic product (GDP)) in the year ending in September 2009 (Source IMF). Consequently the financiers of US current account deficit i.e. Japan, Europe, China and now emerging countries have felt the need to explore alternatives to dollar. USDs share in total world foreign reserves has declined from 72.7 percent in end-June 2001 to 62.8 percent as of end-June 2009 (Source: Federal Reserve) Figure 1 Current composition of World Foreign Reserves, Source: IMF Philip D Wooldridges key emerging markets have accumulated vast stockpiles of foreign exchange reserves. Most are dollar-denominated and siphoned to US assets. Chinas alternative to US Dollar as a reserve currency Suzanne McGee (2009) , Humpage (2009) and Zhou (2009) said that China is considering the diversification of reserves away from the US dollar; convincing the rest of the world through political and economic agencies of adopting a new global currency; and encouraging the international use of their own currencies. US economy is under-going important structural changes, which adds haze and mist to the prognosis. US may experience higher inflation than the rest of the world, which erodes the dollars purchasing power Figure 2 -Foreign Reserves held by countries, Source: IMF Exploring Euro as an alternative Chinn, M., Frankel, J. (2008) analyzed the possibility of the Euro taking over dollar as the as Leading International Currency. They concluded that if dollar precipitates and looses it position as the leading international currency, globally banks would considerably loose considerably their current stand causing the end of economic and political development supremacy. All the current privileges like accepting short term deposits at low interest rates in return for long term investments (easy financing of large US deficits) and that too at reasonable higher than average rate of returns would also be lost. They have however suggested that when pound lost its stand to dollar in last century, there is a possibility that Euro may surpass dollar. Fritz, Ratto and Int (2008) analyzed the QUEST III model (Ratto M, Roeger W, int Veld an estimated DSGE model of the euro area with fiscal and monetary policy). They studied the macroeconomic effects of change in foreign reserves composition that indicated the deterioration in trade balance and also causes exchange rate effect on trade balance and wealth effect on private consumption. Is SDR a credit alternative? Agnes M. Yap (2009) investigated the need for moving from dollar to non dollar Economy and exploring SDR as an alternative currency. Agnes suggested that global monetary policies are forced to maintain a stable exchange rate with the US dollar. This makes them more vulnerable compared to the domestic economic problems of the US. US governments massive debt may erode the future value of the US dollar. This will debase the value of US dollar assets and the foreign exchange reserves of other countries. US dollars global reserve currency status has allowed it to have access to easy credit from other countries. This assisted FED in keeping low interest rates and encouraged excessive spending in the US-leading to the current crisis. Other Research Saul Islakes (2009) argues that there are factors that favor of continuing with dollar economy. Moving to a non dollar economy will cause a great disruption in the global marketplace. Major commodities, cross-border transactions and trade deals are denominated in US dollars. Also the cost of bringing about a new global reserve currency may require some countries to subsidize the cost of bringing buyers and sellers together, until a critical number of countries have adopted a new currency. However at the same time the stability of dollar asset markets especially short term government securities, high liquidity in the financial markets, reduced exchange rate risk and lower borrowing cost may be poise a challenge for some other currency against dollar. Emerging markets are exerting considered pressure on key agencies to adopt a new global currency and internationalize their own currencies; China is calling for a new global currency to replace the dominant dollar, showing a growing assertiveness on revamping the world economy. However the fear of a sudden collapse in confidence could lead to a devastating dollar run by other foreign investors. It may cause a rapid depreciation of the dollar and interest rates. This will force emerging markets to loose their current significant wealth owing to the disproportionately large chunk of dollar-based assets. John Greenwood in Global Economic Insight (Nov 2009) highlighted the insecurity in the international monetary system and dollar has led to calls for a new system with a new denomination. These are: Any existing national currency in wide spread use like Euro, RmB, Yuan or Pound Synthetic currency designated for the purpose like SDR. John studied various possible currencies and concluded that all other currencies have both pros and cons tagged with them that make them favorable and also unfavorable as a replacement for dollar. Synthetic Research Problem The recent global meltdown has shifted the global monetary axis to non-dollar zones specifically China. The economic balance of power has resulted in engineering a paradigm shift to a great deal because of the United States relative weakness and Chinas relative strength. The debate still continues that whether dollar will be able to maintain its strength as the global currency or would this be a short lived and temporary. The question is whether the dollars status as the invoicing currency for international trade, the currency of denomination for oil and other commodity prices, and the base currency for foreignÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ exchangeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ market transactions will remain or be lost? The study will analyze various factors like out and trade, business confidence levels, size of financial markets and exchange rates in determining the stability and suitability of dollar maintaining its international currency status. Objective of the Study Different studies have been done so far on finding whether it is possible to detach the tag dollar economy from the global economy. Various researches recommend the possibility of different existing financial currencies to overtake dollar (like RmB, Euro or SDR) while other research focuses on coming up with a single reserve currency as a replacement for dollar. This study would research would extend done the research by some of those papers and explore the possibility of whether it will be possible to divorce from the dollar world towards a common currency area? Are the alternatives currently under the microscope feasible or would dollar continue as the reserve currency? Methodology Data Collection The data would be sourced from Bloomberg, Federal Reserve, Bank for International Settlements (BIS), European Central Bank (ECB), Eurostat, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations (UN), and the World Bank (WB). There is no primary research included in this paper. The research done would be a secondary research. Foreign Exchange reserves Figure 3 Foreign Exchange Reserves Source: COFER Gross domestic product, constant prices Figure 4 GDP Source: IMF Business Confidence Figure 5- Business Confidence Source: OECD Foreign direct investments Figure 6- Foreign Direct Investments Source: IMF Export of Goods Services Figure 7- Export of Goods Services Source: IMF Import of Goods Services Figure 8- Import of Goods Services Source: IMF Current Account Balance Figure 9- Current Account Balance Source: IMF Foreign Exchange Rates Figure 10- Foreign Exchange Rates Source: COFER Currency composition of reserve portfolios FX market turnover by currency pair Data Cleansing The data is collected from various sources. The data format used from various sources may be inconsistent. Additionally there are certain missing data points for some specific time series / indicator. In case of missing data point linear interpolation technique with moving average will be used. Data Analysis Financial and GARCH time series tool box from MATLAB ® will be used for any matrix manipulations, algorithms like GARCH / EGARCH and plotting of functions and data. Some statistical analysis will also be done including regression, standard deviation, mean squared weighted deviation and correlation for verifying the analysis. GARCH GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) method assists in modeling the serial dependence of volatility of univariate time series data. Autoregressive provides a feedback mechanism that incorporates past observations into the present while Conditional implies a dependence on the observations of the immediate past. GARCH likelihood is a complicated and highly nonlinear function (Engle and Bollerslev, 1986) and provides an argument for the use of numerical derivatives. The basic GARCH(p,q) model is given by With constraints i = 1,2,3,ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. p j = 1,2,3ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦q For GARCH(p,q) the lag lengths p and q, as well as the magnitudes of the coefficients and , determine the extent to which disturbances persist. Stationarity constraints are necessary and the sign of the disturbance is ignored. GARCH Limitations GARCH Models are usually applied to return series and decisions are rarely based solely on expected returns and volatilities. GARCH models often fail to capture highly irregular phenomena and other highly unanticipated events that can lead to significant structural change. EGARCH (Exponential GARCH) EGARCH(p,q) model for the conditional variance of the innovations with leverage terms and an explicit probability distribution assumption is Where EGARCH(p,q) models are treated as ARMA(P,Q) models for . Thus, the stationarity constraint for EGARCH(p,q) models is included by ensuring that the eigenvalues of the characteristic polynomial are inside the unit circle. The standardized innovation makes EGARCH models fundamentally different from GARCH model that acts as the forcing variable for both the conditional variance and the error. GARCH model allow for volatility clustering (i.e., persistence) by a combination of the and terms, whereas persistence in EGARCH models is entirely captured by the terms. Research Findings Recommendation

A Critical Analysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte...

Patel 1 Aditi Patel 3/14/16 English 102 Esposito, Carmine. A Critical Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Charlotte Perkins Gilman was a famous social worker and a leading author of women’s issues. Charlotte Perkins Gilman s relating to views of women s rights and her demands for economic and social reform of gender inequities are very famous for the foundations of American society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In critics Gilman ignored by people of color in the United States and attitudes towards non-northern European immigrants (Ceplair, non-fiction, 7). â€Å"Gilman developed controversial conception of womanhood†, by Deborah M. De Simone in â€Å"Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the feminization of education†. Gilman’s relation to reading deserves more attention than it has received (â€Å"The reading habit and The yellow wallpaper†). Her work about Women and Economics was considered her highest achievement by critics. With the changes in American society, Gilman s economic theories have appeared increasingly less radical and att racted less notice by critics and public. However, as women s roles continue to evolve, her sociological studies and her suggestions for housekeeping and take care of child arrangements gain in significance. Many modern feminist nonfiction works reflect the influence of Gilman s ideas. Readers are rediscovering in her thought much that is relevant Patel 2 to contemporary problems.Show MoreRelated A Critical Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman1237 Words   |  5 Pages A Critical Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman The Yellow Wallpaper written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a riveting story of a dejected woman locked away as if she were insane. Her passion is to write and by doing so we are able to follow her on a journey in which she is victimized by those closest to her. The significance of the story is tremendous as it delves into the underlying issues of a womans place and feminism in the 19th centuryRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1258 Words   |  6 Pages Critical Essay #1 Yellow Wall Paper This gothic horror tale of nineteenth century fiction, written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in 1892; during a time that women writers were starting to come out and write about key issues in their treatment. She craftily sets up or spins the story with a setting of isolation and a character who feels trapped, by a husband who chooses not to know her; yet does not listen to her and keeps her trapped on an island, all in her best interest. The tone is filled withRead MoreConcentrated Analysis of the Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in Light of the Critical Theory Infection in the Sentence: the Woman Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship Written by Gilbert and Gubar.1126 Words   |  5 Pagespaper will involve concentrated analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman in light of the critical theory Infection in the Sentence: The Woman Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship written by Gilbert and Gubar. The theory provided in Infection in the Sentence: The Wo man Writer and the Anxiety of Authorship will be briefly discussed in relation to The Yellow Wallpaper’s main heroine character and functionality of a madwoman in the fiction. This critical theory provides a perfect backgroundRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Harriet Beecher Stowe1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper is a feminist piece of literature that analyzed women’s struggle in the 1900s, such as medical diagnosis and women’s roles. Over the years, women struggled to attain independence and freedom. In order to achieve these liberties, they were females who paved the way and spoke out about these issues to secure equal rights for women. In addition, these powerful females used their vulnerability to challenge the male domination through their literary work. The Yellow Wallpaper is aRead More The Movement for Womens Rights Inside The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman1634 Words   |  7 PagesThe Movement for Womens Rights Inside The Y ellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Women have been mistreated, enchained and dominated by men for most part of the human history. Until the second half of the twentieth century, there was great inequality between the social and economic conditions of men and women (Pearson Education). The battle for womens emancipation, however, had started in 1848 by the first womens rights convention, which was led by some remarkable and brave womenRead More Critical Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins1179 Words   |  5 PagesCritical Analysis of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a detailed account of the author’s battle with depression and mental illness. Gilman’s state of mental illness and delusion is portrayed in this narrative essay. Through her account of this debilitating illness, the reader is able to relate her behavior and thoughts to that of an insane patient in an asylum. She exhibits the same typeRead MoreEffects Of Repressing The Yellow Wallpaper 1520 Words   |  7 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper In her story, The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman expresses exasperation towards the separate male and female roles expected of her society, and the evident repressed rights of a woman versus the active duties of a man. The story depicts the methods taken to cure a woman of her psychological state during Gilman’s time, and delineates the dominant cure of the time period, â€Å"the resting cure,† which encouraged the restraint of the imagination (The Yellow Wallpaper: LookingRead MoreCharacter Analysis : Character s Behavior1377 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter analysis is the critical evaluation of a character’s behavior, role in the story and the struggles they experience as the story unfolds (Fleming). The character in a story is normally described in detail, meaning that the reader knows their age, ethnicity, and distinctive physical features important to the story line. Analyzing the character’s behavior, personality, motivation and relations hip with others enables one understand the external and internal qualities (Fleming). The characterRead Moreâ€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper† an Opinion on the Critical Essay â€Å"Haunted House/Haunted Heroine: Female Gothic Closets in â€Å"the Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬  by Carol Margaret Davison1177 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† An opinion on the critical essay â€Å"Haunted House/Haunted Heroine: Female Gothic Closets in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬  by Carol Margaret Davison Rebecca Olds V00698066 English 125 Y. Levin April 2nd, 2009 â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a short story written in the late 1800’s about a woman with post-partum depression who becomes increasingly mad because of society’s, as well as her husband’s, repression. The critical essay â€Å"Haunted House/HauntedRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper2088 Words   |  9 PagesEnglish 124 November 16, 2012 A Critical Analysis of Formal Elements in the Short Story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, published in 1899, is a semi-autobiographical short story depicting a young woman’s struggle with depression that is virtually untreated and her subsequent descent into madness. Although the story is centered on the protagonist’s obsessive description of the yellow wallpaper and her neurosis, the story serves

Personal Narrative Letter To Morrie - 1590 Words

I walked straight out of that bar and headed for the airport; Oxford had accepted me on full scholarship, and it was time to go. As I approached the airport the almost intolerable roar of the planes jetting off the runway filled my already burning ears. â€Å"One ticket to Oxford, England,† I grunted to the clerk. I boarded my plane with only three things: Doc’s knife, a tattered sack of money I earned from the mines, and a hunger to become the welterweight champion of the world. I had been working in the mines for three years now and had made quite a bit of money for myself. I made my way to my seat and waited for takeoff. My chest began to burn as my heart thumped wildly. I had never been on a plane before. The engines began to vibrate as†¦show more content†¦Tears burst forth from her swollen eyes like water from a dam. They spilled down her cheeks like rain in a storm. Her tear soaked face trembled as she spoke to me. â€Å"Pneumonia,† she cried, bet ween sobs. â€Å" It was pneumonia that killed him.† I couldn’t hold it in anymore. I started to cry. â€Å"Kak,† I whispered under my breath. â€Å"Nobody told me.† â€Å"I’m so sorry dear, he’d been sick for a year. We didn’t know where to reach you.† I felt hollow like one of Doc’s cacti. It seemed like everyone I loved was violently ripped away from me in an unmerciful act of injustice upon them. None of them deserved to die. The hall was surrounded with pictures of Morrie. The room spun, giving me a nauseous feeling. I turned around and flung open the door; I couldn’t bear to be in that room for another second. I went to my dorm and shut the door. I sat in dark emptiness, thinking of everyone who left me in my life: Hoppie, Doc, Nanny, Geel, my mother, and now, Morrie. It was too much to handle. I didn’t move from my spot on the bed for forty-eight hours. I drove myself deeper and deeper into the sadness I felt for the death of my best friend. As I laid there pitying myself I heard a knock on my door. I didn’t get up. The noise grew louder: KNOCK, KNOCK, KNOCK. Still I didn’t move from my throne of self pity. The door gently opened. A man stepped into my room. The first thing I noticed was h is size. He cast a shadow that nearly

Functionalism Sociology and Social Order Free Essays

The functionalist model of how society works has many limitations and few strengths. ’’ Explain and also asses this view. By Sadhana sanba In the study of sociology, functionalist perspective is a view of society that focuses on the way various parts of society have functions and live in a ‘consensus’ that maintain the stability and social order of the whole. We will write a custom essay sample on Functionalism: Sociology and Social Order or any similar topic only for you Order Now Functionalist model of how society works tends to focus to be an organized, stable, well integrated system , in which most members agree on basic values which is as called’ ‘value consensus’. However, functionalist theory alongside the other school of theories such as marrxism (conflict theory) and interactionism is criticized for having many limitsaitons of explaining thew social phenomenon of its working. Herbert spencer an early functionalist and later emile Durkheim compares the working of society to the organic analogy and the way a biological organisms works. Any organisms has a structure- that is , a set of inter-related components, such as head, limbs, a heart lungs and so on. Each of these parts has functions – that is a positive and need consequence for the whole system. In th3ee same way, spencer argued , a society has structure. Its inter-related parts are family, religion, values and norms, social elements and so on. Ideally,hence, each of these componenets also has a function that contributes to the overall stability of social system. However, the analogy has many . limmits. it is difficult for example to compare the way organisms grow to the way society grows and change. Is therea social equivalent to the DNA the genetic program present in every species? Does a society really have a series of complementary institution together to make the whole function smoothly to the mutual benefit of all? Although, Modern-structural-functionalism does not press the analogy between a society and an organism and has subsequently been much refined and modified, however, the functionalist view of how society works still has few strength only Talcott Parson(1951) argues that any society has four functional needs or pre-requisites that need to be met for it to survive: these are adaptation ,goal attainment, integration and latency (AGIL). However , his model of society’s working has been havily criticized for being bland abd fruitless by the way arsons went about examining society. Parsons also tried to show how consensus based on shared values is essential to social order. He also concluded that the stratified system is crucial in mainting consensus in society which, in the other way, conflict theory of karl marx describes as ‘inequality’. Parsons and Durkheim evidently saw social inequality ‘stratification’ as a necessary and universal feature of society and that inequality could be mitigated by the prevalence of social mobility completely disregarding the fact that social inquality in a society is a key source of social conflict and dominancy. Also, the functional view of assuming the existence of a meritocratic society i. e, a society where everyone has a equal chance og achieving high social status and reward is not contextual. This kind of role and effects only works if many other features of society are ignored and even distorted.. here, Melvin Tumin (1953) argues that how and why are some social position assumed to be functionally more important than others ? Who decided and how ? The concept of ‘functional satisfication is value laden and deciding which postions are functionally more important than others cannot be done objectively for example the payment that the top football stars in the Uk and the earnings of the prime minister in the same country. The players ears six times mored than the political figure . Hence, society always cannot be induced by the material rewards and functional theory maybe dysfunctional and damaging it may generate conflict and antagonism between social strata rather than furthering social integration to which Weberain view explains the dynamics of stratification in modern society with existence of conflicts between owners and workers creating white collar and blue collar workers. Functional view of creating social order an important model of society ,has been criticized for its limitation on the fact that it serves only the selfish ambitions of the rich and powerful. As Durkhein believes t hat society is in its essence its moral codes . The rules and order, the degree competitiveness between people and governmental conducts help to cement and build social order he called them the mechanical and organic principles of solidarity . The description of ‘mechanical solidarity and ‘organic solidarity’ provides insides about the basic way of forming social order in society which in face Max Weber argues is more applicable and impliable only in the industrial complex societies and is criticized by Marx for disregarding the poor , economically weak and ‘proletariat’ as in his words, society. Hence, the phenomenon of ‘collective conscience’ and ‘value consensus’ the functionalist theory implies in one way or other inherently conservative that is focused only on a particular social theme. It does not consider that order and conflict exist side by side and as Marx says is achieved through the domination by the few over the many, and that domination is possible because it reflects the economic circumstances of the groups which is constantly unstable as it is based on equality and continuing conflict of interest between those who own the means of production and who don’t. In the same way interactionist view of how society works emphasizes that members of societies are not just constrained in their everyday lives by moral codes or by economic relationships but that each individual are actors in each situation they negotiate or confront to which is also simplifiedly said ‘situational interaction’ Hence, functionlist perspective is limited with logical problem it embraces,if something in society is recurrent, functionlist say that it must be meeting a need. Functionalism lacks any real power to explain social change or changes. It leans heavily towards describing society in a stable condition and seems to emphasizes the status- quo: the media reflect all views, women are domestically oriented, marriages are happy, all individualist are ladened by values and norms that they internalize confining into it to create social order and so on. Functionalist risk the temptation of dismissing disruptive changes as dysfunctional, even if those changes are necessary, inevitable and beneficial in the long run However functionalist theory perspective is useful in explaining the functions or consequences, that a given element has in society which contribute the stability of the social system as a whole and hence, therefore, insights human beings of their existence and role in a society. Posted byingsamaat9:06 AM 1 comment: 1. BuzzerOctober 9, 2011 9:31 AM It really helped me a lot. ReplyDelete Add comment How to cite Functionalism: Sociology and Social Order, Essay examples

Japanese Systems of 5s free essay sample

5S Visual Workplace Pays for itself in the time and money youll save hunting for necessary supplies, tools, files and equipment later. The 5S system will give you benefits that are quickly visible in your workspace and your bottom line. S Workplace Scan Checklist Quick and Visible Results 5s: Improves on-time delivery Improves quality/reduced defects Increases productivity Reduces lead times Reduces waste in materials, space and time Reduces inventory and storage costs Reduces changeover time Ђ Reduces equipment downtime Improves safety The 5 ss The 5S system is based on the English translations of five Japanese words. They are: 1 . Sort through and sort out: Clean out the work area, keeping what is necessary in the work area, relocating or discarding what is not. . Set in order and set limits: Arrange needed items so they are easy to find, use and return, to streamline production and eliminate time searching for them. We will write a custom essay sample on Japanese Systems of 5s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. Shine and inspect through cleaning: Clean and care for equipment and areas, and inspect while doing so. 4. Standardize: Make all work areas similar so procedures are obvious and instinctual, and defects stand out. 5. Sustain: Make these rules natural and instinctual. Once they are habits, the total benefits of 5S will be reaped The system as a whole creates a workspace that allows for minimized waste. Not only do the five steps help to ensure that time will be spent doing more productive activities, but it also reduces the chance of error, rework and injury which are all high cost activities. Bring our Experts to Your Floor WMEP manufacturing specialists have many years of real-world experience in anufacturing businesses and have brought 5S and other lean manufacturing techniques to hundreds of manufacturers around the state. They understand specifically how 5S manufacturing can work for you and what obstacles you will have to overcome to achieve results. Their hands-on experience makes them valuable resources for you on your road to becoming a lean manufacturer. For help in making your workplace safer, more profitable and a better place for all, please call us at ( 877) 800-2085. Or spend a day at one ot our workshops in order to tind mprovements you can make with 5S. 5S WORKSHOP out more about The 5S workshop provides detailed training in the techniques of sort, set aside, shine, standardize and sustain. This workshop will provide you with specific strategies for making sustainable improvements in your work place so that you can take the strategies back to your company and begin implementing them immediately. To insure that your specific manufacturing issues can be addressed within the workshop, our workshops are taught by manufacturing specialists with years of hands-on experience. The goal is to teach you the techniques that will create the most impact on your unique situation. We want you to see a direct return on your investment from each and every workshop you attend. 5S is a key component of Lean Manufacturing and can produce dramatic, measurable results in a short period of time. The whole production and operations teams including CEOs, presidents, production managers and people on the shop floor will benefit from 5S. Sending a team to a 5S workshop gets everyone started on the same path and allows you to organize a team to work on your 5S efforts.

Data Leakage Detection and Prevention Solutions †Assignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Data Leakage Detection and Prevention Solutions. Answer: Introduction A computer security breach is any event, which results in unsanctioned use of services, networks, applications, data or devices by circumventing their fundamental mechanisms of security. A security breach can also be referred to as a security violation. A security violation takes place when an application or an individual illegally makes entry to an unauthorized, confidential or private IT logical perimeter. This report outlines the case study of cyber security breach of Verizon Wireless of USA, which became a threat for the whole world in July 2017. It provides a detailed research of the problem, the affected people and the recommendation that how that breach could had been stopped. The report further outlines the brief description of the May 2017 Ransomware Cyber-Attack with the problem, the affected person and the prevention of that case study. The name of the May 2017 cyber attack is the WannaCry Ransomware Cyber attack. The description of the above discussion is given in the following paragraphs. Verizon Wireless is a recognized telecommunication organization that operates its business in USA. They are responsible for offering wireless devices and services. They have faced a major security breach because of cloud leak. The Verizon partner was responsible for leaking all the data in cloud (Mathews, 2017). It exposed approximately the accounts of millions of customers. All the information present in their account was leaked in July, 2017 creating a lot of problem. Reason for the Security Breach The major reason or cause behind the data breach was a cloud based repository file that was not configured. This leaked the information of 14 million people of the United States who were the customers of the Verizon, telecommunication carrier. The ownership of the cloud based system or software was under the telephonic software and NICE Systems. NICE Systems were the third party vendor of the Verizon Company (Fox News 2017). Verizons data repository was the S3 bucket of the Amazon Services of the Web. The names, account details, addresses and other essential information was leaked and accessed through the S3 bucket of the Amazon Services. The PIN codes of the customers that used to verify the Verizon account were also leaked and under danger. Their phone numbers were also leaked. This data breach shows the insecurity of cloud computing and its challenges (Romanosky, Hoffman Acquisti, 2014). This leaked the information of 14 million people of the United States who were the customers of the Verizon, telecommunication carrier. The other main reason for the cause of this data breach was the non-configuration of the cloud based structure provided by the third party vendor called NICE Systems. If the third party does not take proper responsibility of the cloud or does it in a deliberate purpose then this can create data breach affecting millions of users (Khalil et al., 2013). NICE System has a history that is not strong. History of this third party in supply technical to different firms reveal an indicator of unsettled manner of the surveillance that was sponsored by the state. Customers could log in to their accounts and get information from a repository that can be downloaded. This is an alarming signal because if the data can be downloaded then it can be shared with any third party resulting in major loss to the US companies. Data Breach Occurrence Configuration is the most important issue in a cloud network. There can be any incorrect configuration leading to issues regarding management of the network. Tools should be used in a proper technique to allow the cloud to work in an efficient and effective manner. There was major problem in the base of the infrastructure of the IT. This internal problem was known as wrong configuration (Uchiumi, Kikuchi Matsumoto, 2012). The wrong configuration in the infrastructure can lead to around higher percent data breaches. The other main reason for the cause of this data breach was the non-configuration of the cloud based structure provided by the third party vendor called NICE Systems. NICE System has a history that is not strong. The NICE System should have looked into the matter and made the system more secured before anything like this could take place. It is extremely challenging for any organization to find out the loopholes and problems in the configuration of the cloud network. Prop er identification of incorrect configuration can solve the issue regarding this matter. The third party vendor should look into the matter and solve the misconfiguration issue. The configuration of the IT systems should be carefully managed before any stated of disorder takes place (Patel et al., 2013). The software should be upgraded on a continuous and regular basis. The hardware performance also needs to be checked so that there is no degradation in the performance. The downtime in the system must also be resolved in an efficient manner. Proper cyber security policy along with signature authentication must be incorporated in the system. The shielding of the vulnerabilities must be done by updating and patching the software on a regular basis from various points of access. Proper encryption keys must be involved in the system. The cloud architecture must be protected. The vendor must be transparent with its client (Shabtai, Elovici Rokach, 2012). The client company must analyze and study the issues regarding the vendor company before deciding the issues. A web gatewa y application reduces or eliminate the chances of risks in the system. The ransomware cyber attack that took place in May 2017 was the most dangerous attack that took place across the world. It is known as the WannaCry ransomware attack. It is a cyber attack that was done by the WannaCry ransomware cryptoworm. It had targeted those computers that were running the operating system of the Microsoft Windows. The data of this operating system were encrypted. The attackers had demanded ransom payments. These payments were asked to be paid in the Bitcoin cryptocurrency (Mohurle Patil, 2017). The attack had taken place in around 12th of May, 2017. It was on a Friday. It had infected around 230000 computers and more in more than 150 countries. National Health Service of the United Kingdom was partly affected (Collier, 2017). It could run few services that were required in emergency situation when the attack took place. Few days after the attack took place a researcher of security discovered kill switch and found out the ransom ware code that led to the initial slow process of the attack. However, later on in 15th of May, 2017 it was found out that the other advanced versions of the ransomware had been invented and these lacked the kill switch. Microsoft had detected its vulnerabilities and released the techniques and methods in order to overcome the flaws and faults in the present system. The newer versions like Windows 7 and Windows 8 are safe. People who are still using the Windows XP and other unauthorized versions are still under the security risk. It was reported by Europol that approximately 230000 computers that had the Windows operating system were affected as they were infected by ransomware. This was spread over 150 countries across the world. The most affected countries were reported to be India, Ukraine, Taiwan and Russia. The National Health Service of the United Kingdom and Scotland hospitals were affected in a severe manner (Pascariu, Barbu Bacivarov, 2017). It had infected over 70000 computer devices in the hospitals. It also included the MRI scanners and theatre equipments. The production in the Nissan Manufacturing in United Kingdom was halted because the ransomware were infected in their systems. It has also affected Renault. It has stopped its production in various sites. The attack was not as powerful as any other cyber attack. Procedure of the Attack The ransomware attack called WannaCry attack had taken place on 12th of May, 2017. The initial thing that happened was took place in Asia at around 7:44 am in the morning. It had taken place through an SMB port that was exposed due to its vulnerability (Mattei, 2017). It was not done through email phishing. The malware had first checked whether there was any kill switch domain. In the absence of such domain the ransomware attacks the system and encrypts its data. It then exploits the vulnerabilities of the SMB. After the attack, it had displayed a message asking for 300 dollars Bitcoin in a span of three days or 600 dollars in seven days (O'Gorman McDonald, 2012).By 14th of June, 2017 there were 327 payments resulting in a total amount of 130634 dollars that had been transferred. There are certain measures for this problem. Microsoft Protection Center that looks after the malware issues had mentioned several steps that can be taken in order to prevent the WannaCry ransomware attack (Martin, Kinross Hankin, 2017). Installation and usage of antivirus software that is up to date will help to resolve many issues. The software must also be up to date. They should avoid clicking on any websites or open any type of attachment. There must be regular backup for important files (O Dowd, 2017). Patches should be applied to the Windows that is recommended by Microsoft Security Bulletin. Conclusion Therefore from the above discussion, it can be concluded that security breaches has become a common problem in the world. The report clearly discusses about the infamous Verizon data breach in July 2017. It provides a clear description of the reasons, the affected people and the recommendations for the solution. The report further covers about the WannaCry ransomware cyber attack of May 2017. The whole ICT world was shaken because of this attack. The report gives a brief description of the problem and the suffered people and the solutions for that problem. References Collier, R. (2017). NHS ransomware attack spreads worldwide. Fox News. (2017). Verizon data breach: 14 million customers reportedly exposed. Retrieved 27 August 2017, from https://www.foxnews.com/tech/2017/07/12/verizon-data-breach-14-million-customers-reportedly-exposed.html Khalil, I. M., Khreishah, A., Bouktif, S., Ahmad, A. (2013, April). Security concerns in cloud computing. InInformation Technology: New Generations (ITNG), 2013 Tenth International Conference on(pp. 411-416). IEEE. Martin, G., Kinross, J., Hankin, C. (2017). Effective cybersecurity is fundamental to patient safety. Mathews, L. (2017).Millions Of Verizon Customers Exposed By Third-Party Data Leak.Forbes.com. Retrieved 27 August 2017, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/leemathews/2017/07/13/millions-of-verizon-customers-exposed-by-third-party-leak/#929962836bc9 Mattei, T. A. (2017). Privacy, Confidentiality, and Security of Health Care Information: Lessons from the Recent WannaCry Cyberattack.World Neurosurgery,104, 972-974. Mohurle, S., Patil, M.(2017). A brief study of Wannacry Threat: Ransomware Attack 2017.International Journal,8(5). ODowd, A. (2017). NHS patient data security is to be tightened after cyberattack. O'Gorman, G., McDonald, G. (2012).Ransomware: A growing menace. Symantec Corporation. pascariu, C., barbu, I. D., bacivarov, I. C.(2017) Investigative Analysis and Technical Overview of Ransomware Based Attacks. Case Study: WannaCry. Patel, A., Taghavi, M., Bakhtiyari, K., JNior, J. C. (2013). An intrusion detection and prevention system in cloud computing: A systematic review.Journal of network and computer applications,36(1), 25-41. Romanosky, S., Hoffman, D., Acquisti, A. (2014). Empirical analysis of data breach litigation.Journal of Empirical Legal Studies,11(1), 74-104. Shabtai, A., Elovici, Y., Rokach, L. (2012).A survey of data leakage detection and prevention solutions. Springer Science Business Media. Uchiumi, T., Kikuchi, S., Matsumoto, Y. (2012, September). Misconfiguration detection for cloud datacenters using decision tree analysis. InNetwork Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), 2012 14th Asia-Pacific(pp. 1-4). IEEE.